What is an excavation?

The definition of an excavation is a man-made cut or depression in the earth. This process typically involves the removal of earth, soil, or rock to create a space for various purposes, including construction, mining, or archaeological exploration. Excavations can vary in size and shape, and they are essential for laying foundations, installing utilities, or preparing sites for infrastructure projects.

The other options describe different scenarios but do not capture the true nature of excavation. For instance, a trench for planting trees is a specific type of excavation but does not encompass the broader definition. A hole made for utility installation is also a form of excavation, yet it is limited to a specific application, while a natural depression in the landscape does not involve any human activity and therefore does not qualify as an excavation. Understanding the precise definition of excavation is crucial for ensuring proper site preparation and safety measures within construction and related fields.